Steam rises through plant material, lifts volatile compounds, then condenses into two streams: essential oil and watery distillate. That fragrant water is the hydrosol. Its composition depends on plant choice, still design, cut size, temperature, and time. Thoughtful distillers collect middle fractions, avoiding first and last runs to balance aroma, clarity, and skin kindness.
Fresh hydrosols often sit around pH 4–6, a friendly range for skin yet still vulnerable to microbes. Clean equipment, tight closures, cool storage, and small batches guard quality. If bottles will be opened frequently or blended with botanicals, use a broad‑spectrum preservative, test periodically, and watch for cloudiness, off‑odors, or unexpected sediment before bottling gifts.